19

Q1. Haemodialysis is associated with

Liver

Spleen

Kidney

Stomach

Q2. Juxtaglomerular cells of the renal cortex synthesise a hormone called

ADH

Oxytocin

Renin

Urochrome

Q3. The net pressure gradient that causes the fluid to filter out  of the glomeruli into the capsule is

20 mm Hg

75 mm Hg

30 mm Hg

50 mm Hg

Q4. Which of the following is not a part of the renal pelvis?  

Peritubular capillaries  

Convoluted tubules  

Collecting ducts  

Loop of Henle  

Q5. A condition in which the body's internal environment remains nearly constant is called

Haematoma

Hemostasis

Haemopoiesis

Homeostasis

Q6. Which of the following is not a nitrogenous waste?  

Creatinine  

Purines  

Allantoin  

Citrulline  

Q7. Haematuria means

RBCs in urine

WBCs in urine

Both 1 and 2 above

None of the above

Q8. Which blood vessel carries the least amount of urea?  

Pulmonary vein  

Renal artery  

Renal vein  

Hepatic portal vein  

Q9. The condition of failure of the kidney to form urine is called

Deamination

Entropy

Anuria

None of the above

Q10. Malpighian tubules are

Excretory organs of insects

Excretory organs of frogs

Respiratory organs of insects

Endocrine glands of insects

Q11. ADH acts on the

Collecting tubule of kidney

Loop of Henle

Collecting ducts of testes

None of the above

Q12. The part of nephron impermeable to salt is  

Descending limb of loop of Henle  

Ascending limb of loop of Henle  

Collecting duct  

DCT  

Q13. Reabsorption of useful substances from glomerular filtrate occurs in

collecting tube

loop of Henle

proximal convoluted tubule

all the above

Q14. The presence of arginase confirms that  

Urea cycle is operating.  

Urea cycle may be operating.  

Arginine is being converted to ornithine.  

Arginine is being converted to citrulline.  

Q15. Which of the following are metabolic wastes of protein metabolism?  

• Urea, oxygen and N₂  
• Urea, NH₃ and CO₂  

Ammonia, urea and creatinine  

• Nitrogen, urea and CO₂  

Q16. Glucose is taken back from glomerular filtrate through

active transport

passive transport

osmosis

diffusion

Q17. Aquatic reptiles are

ammonotelic

ureotelic

ureotelic in water

ureotelic over land

Q18. The kidney of an adult frog is

Pronephros

Mesonephros

Metanephros

Opisthonephros

Q19. A large quantity of fluid is filtered everyday by the nephrons in the kidney. Only about 1% of it is excreted as urine. The remaining 99% is filtrate which

Is stored in the urinary bladder

Is reabsorbed into the blood

Gets collected in the renal pelvis

Is lost as sweat

Q20. Enteronephric nephridia of earthworms are mainly concerned with

Digestion

Respiration

Osmoregulation

Excretion of nitrogenous wastes

Q21. The yellow colour of urine is due to

Uric acid

Urea

Urochrome

Bilirubin

Q22. In Amoeba, osmoregulation occurs by

Contractile vacuole

Ectoplasm

Pseudopodia

Hyaloplasm

Q23. Glucose is mainly reabsorbed in

PCT

DCT

Henle's loop

Nephron

Q24. Reabsorption of useful substances from the glomerular filtrate occurs in  

Collecting duct  

Loop of Henle  

Proximal convoluted tubule  

Distal convoluted tubule  

Q25. Angiotensinogen is a protein produced and secreted by the

Juxtaglomerular (JG) cells

Macula dense cells

Endothelial cells

Liver cells

Q26. Animals which excrete urea produced during metabolism of amino acids are 

Ureotelic

Uricotelic

Ammonotelic

Aminotelic

Q27. Dialysing unit (artificial kidney) contains a fluid which is almost the same as plasma except that it has

High glucose

High urea

No urea

High uric acid

Q28. The main function of Henle's loop is  

Passage of urine  

Filtration of blood  

Formation of urine  

Conservation of water  

Q29. We can produce concentrated/dilute urine. This is facilitated by a special mechanism. Identify the mechanism.  

Reabsorption from PCT  

Reabsorption from collecting duct  

Reabsorption/secretion in DCT  

Counter-current mechanism in Henle's loop and vasa recta  

Q30. The nitrogenous excretory product of frog tadpole is

Ammonia

Urea

Guanine

Uric acid

Q31. A terrestrial animal must be able to   

Conserve water  

Excrete a large amount of salts in urine  

Excrete a large amount of water  

Actively pump salts out through the skin  

Q32. If kidneys fail to reabsorb water, the effect on tissue would

remain unaffected

shrink and shrivel

absorb water from blood plasma

take more oxygen from blood

Q33. Proximal and distal convoluted tubules are parts of

seminiferous tubules

nephron

oviduct

vas deferens

Q34. Urea synthesis takes place primarily in the liver because  

• NH₃ and CO₂are present in the liver only.  

Hormone ADH is found in the liver only.  

Enzyme arginase is present in the liver only.  

The kidney is smaller than the liver.  

Q35. In the ornithine cycle, which of the following wastes are removed from the blood?

• CO₂ and urea

Ammonia and urea

• CO₂ and ammonia

Urea and urine

Q36. Which of the following is common to the kidneys and the skeleton in mammals?

Cortex

Medulla

Pelvis

Radius

Q37. When a fresh water protozoan possessing a contractile vacuole is placed in a glass containing marine water, the vacuole will

Increase in number

Disappear

Increase in size

Decrease in size

Q38. The renal corpuscle can be divided into

Bowman's capsule and glomerulus

Arteriole and glomerulus

Arteriole and Bowman's capsule

Afferent and efferent arterioles

Q39. A patient suffering from cholera is given saline drip because

Cl− ions are an important component of blood plasma

Na+ ions help to retain water in the body

Na+ ions are important in the transport of substances across membranes

Cl− ions help in the formation of HCl in the stomach for digestion

Q40. In Hydra, waste material of food digestion and nitrogenous waste material are removed from

Mouth and mouth

Body wall and body wall

Mouth and body wall

Mouth and tentacles